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Return to Chapter B-4 Proceed to Chapter B-6
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TWO: BURNS(ES) AND HEDGES(ES)
"SFA" stands for the Smith Family Archives, assembled and transcribed over many years by Leanna Lois Claudia Smith, daughter of Alonzo; her great-nieces Mellie Morris Smith (daughter of Herbert Gustavus) and Gertrude Fairchild Smith (daughter of Maurice Leigh); and great-great-niece Mildred Aileen Nash (neé Mellie Agnes Smith: daughter of Francis See).
"ALLS" stands for Ada Louise Ludeke Smith: Ada Ick in childhood, Ick at college, Icky to her husband, Mom to her daughters, Louise to her in-laws, Momine or Grandma or Goppy to her grandchildren and great-grandchildren, Smitty as a senior citizen. Her informal memoirs were written 1983-96.
"DCB" stands for correspondence with David Coulon Burns, webmaster of the RootsWeb megasite ~burns/dcb—who cautions that the designations Sr., Jr., and III used below and in later chapters were not likely to have been used by any of the fathers/sons sharing a first name (except for King George). In most cases the present author has tried to indicate this with [square brackets].
Internet sources are indicated by tildes (e.g. ~internet). A complete list can be found on the Sources page. Due to the transient nature of Internet entries, only a few hyperlinks will be provided to outside webpages; such as ~a (www.ancestry.com), ~f (www.familysearch.org), ~g (www.findagrave.com), and ~w (www.worldvitalrecords.com). The United States Federal Census records for 1850 through 1930 cited below are available at ~a (except for 1890's, which was badly damaged in a 1921 fire and later quietly destroyed).
B-5 The
Ohio Hedgeses
● Almost Impassable
When we left husband and wife (and second cousins) Jonas Hedges and Elizabeth Robinson at the end of Chapter B-2, it was 1818 and they were migrating to Ohio. Let us take a look at their new home.
The land west of the Appalachians and north of the Ohio River can be considered America's first frontier. After the Iroquois Confederation drove out the Algonquians in the mid-17th Century, it was uninhabited for many years; then European colonization of Pennsylvania sent the Delaware and Shawnee Indians westward into the Ohio Country, starting in the 1720s. Trading rivalries between these tribes, the Iroquois, and Europeans led to the French and Indian War of the 1750s. Britain emerged triumphant, but George III's Royal Proclamation of 1763 forbade colonists from settling on Native American land—at least until the western boundary could be extended in an "orderly" manner, such as by the the 1768‑70 treaties that opened up the future West Virginia and Kentucky. Following the Revolution, Great Britain ceded all claims to the Ohio Country (though maintaining a presence there for three more decades). The new United States government created the Northwest Territory in 1787, but migration there would be hampered by the British and Indians till after the War of 1812.
In 1788, John Cleves Symmes (a former Continental Congressman from New Jersey) and his company purchased the "Land Between the Miamis"—i.e. the Great and Little Miami Rivers. The rest of southwestern and west-central Ohio was reserved as the Virginia Military District, to provide Revolutionary veterans with land grants as payment for their military service. Ohio was admitted as the 17th state in 1803.
Joseph Van Meter [Jr.], grandson of Abraham Van Meter [Sr.] and Ruth Hedges—click here for more—was the first in Fine Lineage's Extended Family to come to Ohio, arriving as early as 1796 in what would become Highland County. According to ~vm/smyth page 106: "While they were living in this county Joseph was wounded by the Indians. The Indians surrounded a squad of white men in a block house on the west side of the Ohio River and fired through the door, the ball cutting a gash across the top of Joseph’s head." (Perhaps as a result, Joseph would later move his family to Indiana.)
The next of the early Ohioans was Joshua Hedges [Jr.]'s family—click here for more—whose story is taken by ~gbnf/I3490 from the History of Franklin and Pickaway Counties:
Joshua Hedges, with his wife, and eleven children, came into the country in 1804. They came with team and wagon from Berkeley County Virginia, their native place, to Brownsville, Pennsylvania, a town on the Monongahela River. There they loaded everything on to a flat-boat, and traveled thus to Marietta, and thence by wagon, over the rough and almost impassable roads, to Zanesville. Their household goods, which were packed in eight or nine large trunks, were left at Marietta, to be shipped up the Muskingum. The shipping agent neglected to send them for several weeks, leaving them exposed to the weather, and the goods were utterly destroyed. The family went to Lancaster in Fairfield County, where they made a temporary location, arriving the seventeen[th] day of May, of the above year. Mr. Hedges died there the same summer, and in the fall the family came to Walnut. They put up a cabin on section nine, which, with other lands, the father had entered, and moved into it on Christmas day. In 1812, Mrs. Hedges married Henry Dreisbach, of Pickaway Township, and moved with him to Bloomfield, where they kept a tavern.
(So it goes.)
Isaac Evans [Jr.], cousin of Lany Burns's mother Isabella—click here for more—was living in Ohio's Champaign County no later than 1812. Lindsey Marshall, uncle of Jane Marshall Burns—click here for more—brought his family to Highland County by 1814. Jacob Shartle [Sr.] and Alcinda "Elcy" Burns, daughter of Lany and William Burns [Jr.]—click here for more—arrived in Montgomery County in 1816. And then in 1818 came the second cousins Jonas and Elizabeth Robinson Hedges.
● Children of Second Cousins
Click on the thumbnail to the left to see an 1875 map of Champaign County;
click here to see a Wikipedia map. Having relocated
to Champaign's Urbana Township, Jonas Hedges:
was a remarkably successful business man, and his first purchase of 160 acres was added to until he was owner of 900 acres prior to his death. He served in the war of 1812, and was a pensioner at the time of his death. He built the first house on Sec. 11, Urbana Township, and this tract is still in possession of our subject [son Emory Hedges]... Jonas was a prominent local politician in his day, and was one of the first to espouse the principles of the Republican party in this county. He was one of the originators of the "Know-Nothing " party, and was the third enrolling his name on their roster. He was largely engaged in the settling of estates, in which he gave universal satisfaction. He was a remarkable mathematician, although not having a collegiate education, and was largely endowed with a spirit of enterprise, being foremost in anything looking toward moral and social advancement. Having a cool head and being a close observer of matters pertaining to the business interests of the neighborhood, his judgment could always be relied on, and he seldom made a mistake. His death was greatly felt in the locality in which he lived so long.±
We have two differing accounts of Jonas and Elizabeth's children. The first version, giving them eleven, is taken from ~hedges/aqwg05 and /aqwg11, with a few addenda from the 1881 History of Champaign quoted above (viewable in full at ~history/champaign):
* Mary Tabb Hedges: born Oct. 23, 1813 in Berkeley County VA; received a college education; in 1832 married Samuel Morley Seibert (born 1813) and had one child, Elizabeth Mary Seibert (1834-1841); died aged 21 on Nov. 12, 1834 in Champaign County OH and was buried at Clark County OH's Mumper Cemetery [as per ~mumper and ~g; the latter site interprets an extremely worn marker, and confirms Mary's parentage]
* Anna Hedges: born Apr. 4, 1816 in Berkeley County VA; died aged 9 on Sep. 6, 1825 in Champaign County OH
* Joseph Hedges: born May 27, 1817 in Berkeley County VA; in 1840 married Leah Vance (born 1820/21) in Champaign County OH; had seven children†; died before 1881
* Elizabeth Hedges: born Nov. 21, 1818 in Champaign County OH; received a college education; married first Nelson Miller (1807-1837/38) in 1836/37 and had one child; then married Joseph C. Hamilton (1805-1872) in 1840 and had five more children‡; was living on her Champaign County farm in 1881
* Alexander Robinson Hedges: born Dec. 31, 1821 (of whom see more below)
* Hamilton Jefferson Hedges: born Oct. 3, 1824 in Champaign County OH ; in 1847 married Ruth Gerard (1826-1890); had seven or eight children§; lost an arm in an accident prior to the Civil War, but was an active organizer of troops; was Assessor of Urbana Township for at least sixteen years ("and during all this time no complaints have been made"±); died aged 79 on Sep. 8, 1904 in Columbus OH
* Newton Hedges: born Sep. 6, 1826 in Champaign County OH; in 1849 married Elizabeth Todd (born 1820); had eight [actually nine] children††; died aged 44 on Feb. 3, 1871 in Champaign County OH
* Elvira Hedges: born Sep. 4, 1828 in Champaign County OH; died there aged 5 on Nov. 25, 1833
* Samuel R. Hedges: born Nov. 7, 1829 in Champaign County OH; married Mary J. Robinson (born 1825); died aged 74 on Dec. 20, 1903 in Champaign County OH
* James Robinson Hedges: born Oct. 21, 1831 in Champaign County OH; received a college education; in 1856 married Mary Lavina Hamilton (1836-1862) and had two children‡‡, then married Lydia Huffman in 1866; was living in New York in 1881; died aged 78 in June 1909
* Emory Hedges: born Jan. 1, 1833 in Champaign County OH; in 1857 married Nancy J. Ganier (born 1836); had seven children§§; served in the military during the Civil War, "principally engaged in doing guard duty on the Appomattox and James Rivers"±; was a farmer in 1881; died aged 59 on Jan. 12, 1892 in Champaign County OH
~champaign/d0005 presents a variant lineup. Here Jonas and Elizabeth marry in 1811 (in "Berkley" County) and have a dozen children, although the first entry appears to be a transposed duplicate, excluding Mary Tabb Hedges. Addenda (including some corrections) come from ~jonashedges, ~mumper, ~g, and ~hedges/descendancy:
* "Jefferson H. Hedges": no other info
* Anna I. Hedges: born Apr. 4, 1816 in Clark County OH; died there Sep. 6, 1825; buried at Mumper Cemetery ("9 yrs, 5 mos, 2 days / dau. J & E"), sharing one side of the Hedges marker with sisters Eliza and Elvira
* Joseph Hedges: born 1817; on Nov. 16, 1840 married Leah Vance in Champaign County OH; had seven children†; died after the 1860 census
* Elizabeth Hedges: born Nov. 11, 1818 in Champaign County OH; married first Nelson Miller (1807-1838, not "1799-1836") on May 27, 1837 and had one child‡; then on Dec. 24, 1840 married Joseph C. Hamilton (1804-1872) and had four more children‡; died aged 82 on Feb. 23, 1901 in Champaign County OH; buried at Urbana's Oak Dale Cemetery
* Eliza Jane Hedges: born Apr. 16, 1821 in Champaign County OH; died Jan. 31, 1826 in Clark County OH; buried at Mumper Cemetery ("4 yrs, 9 mos, 15 days / dau. J & E"), sharing one side of the Hedges marker with sisters Anna and Elvira—which would seem to confirm her parentage, despite being a second consecutive "Eliza"
* Alexander Robinson Hedges: born Dec. 31, 1822: of whom see more below]
* Hamilton Jefferson Hedges: born Oct. 3, 1823 or 1824 in Champaign County OH; in 1847 married Ruth Ellen Garard aka Gerard (born 1826); had seven children§; died aged 80 on Sep. 8, 1904 in Columbus OH; buried at Oak Dale
* Newton Hedges: born Sep. 6, 1826 in Champaign County OH; on Feb. 7, 1849 married Eliza Mary Todd (1822-1874); had nine children††; died aged 44 on Jan. 28, 1871 in Clay City, Clay County IL (~hedges/descendancy says on Feb. 3, 1871 in Champaign County OH)
* Elvira Hedges: born Sep. 4, 1828 in Champaign County OH; died Nov. 25, 1833 in Clark County OH; buried at Mumper Cemetery ("5 yrs, 2 mos, 21 days / dau. J & E"), sharing one side of the Hedges marker with sisters Anna and Eliza
* Samuel T. Hedges: born Nov. 7, 1829 in Champaign County OH; married firstly Paulina [surname?] c.1854 and had one child, James Hedges [born 1855, married Mary (surname?) in 1894, had two children]; Samuel T. married twice more, to Sarah "Sallie" McCreary in 1858 and Mary Jane Flago aka Mary Jane Robinson [1828-1893] in 1869; in 1900, aged 70, he worked as a drayman and lived in Urbana with niece Rebecca Jane at 402 S. Main Street, just up the street from the "Aunties" at #436 and the Dixons at #422; died aged 74 on Dec. 20, 1903; buried at Oak Dale
* James Robinson Hedges: born Oct. 21, 1831 in Champaign County OH; on Feb. 14, 1856 married Mary Lavinia Hamilton (1836-1862) and had three children‡‡; then married Lydia Huffman (1843-1903] in 1868; died aged 78 on June 14, 1909 in Dayton OH]
* Emory Hedges aka Emery Hedges: born Jan. 1, 1833 in Champaign County OH; on Dec. 24, 1857 married Nancy Jane Gaines aka Gainer/Ganier [1836-1892]; had nine children§§; died aged 69 on May 16, 1906; buried at Oak Dale
~hedges/descendancy replaces the redundant "Jefferson H. Hedges" with firstborn Mary Tabb Hedges, who married Samuel Morley Seibert on Nov. 29, 1832; and provides additional info about Jonas and Elizabeth's grandchildren, given in the Notes below.
All sources agree that Elizabeth Robinson Hedges died in 1834—on Oct. 8th, according to ~champaign/d0005, ~hedges/descendancy, and ~g. Like her daughters Anna, Eliza, and Elvira, she was buried in Mumper Cemetery: located in Clark County's Moorefield Township, just north of Springfield and just south of Urbana: today known as Moorefield Chapel Cemetery. Elizabeth's marker reads "Wife of J. Hedges / Aged 41 y, 4 m, 12 d." Eldest child Mary would join her there just five weeks later.
Jonas Hedges then married Rebecca Robinson (born 1800: any relation to Elizabeth?) on Nov. 3, 1835. He wrote his will on Oct. 8, 1853 and died Apr. 2, 1864; his marker at Mumper Cemetery indicates Jonas was aged "74 yrs, 3 mos" at death.
Jonas was a prominent local politician in his day, and was one of the first to espouse the principles of the Republican party in this county. He was one of the originators of the "Know-Nothing" party, and was the third enrolling his name on their roster. He was largely engaged in the settling of estates, in which he gave universal satisfaction. He was a remarkable mathematician, although not having a collegiate education, and was largely endowed with a spirit of enterprise, being foremost in anything looking toward moral and social advancement. Having a cool head and being a close observer of matters pertaining to the business interests of the neighborhood, his judgment could always be relied on, and he seldom made a mistake. His death was greatly felt in the locality in which he lived so long...
Jonas was a remarkably successful business man, and his first purchase of 160 acres was added to until he was owner of 900 acres prior to his death. He served in the war of 1812, and was a pensioner at the time of his death. He built the first house on Sec. 11, Urbana Township... He lived long enough to see the county interlaced with railroads, and the forests disappear, and in their stead appear beautiful fields of waving grain. The best years of their lives had been given to the development of this county, and too much honor cannot be given to the pioneers who reared families of noble sons and daughters to perpetuate their names, who are possessed of the same spirit of enterprise that characterized their ancestry.±
(Presumably "the best years of their lives" were the Hedgeses's, and not the beautiful-fields-of-waving-grain's.)
A posthumous introduction to the head of our particular Ohio Hedges household can be found on page 654 of the same 1881 History of Champaign County:
ALEXANDER R. HEDGES, deceased.
This worthy representative of the name died Dec. 29, 1873, and his wife, Ellen (Morris) Hedges, in February of the same year. They left a family of children, nine in number; their names are, respectively, Elizabeth A., Pearl I., Edward O., Rebecca C., Franklin J., Mary A., Deborah E., Martha E. and Frederick M.; they all reside in the county except one—Pearl I. Hedges—who is in the drug business at Piqua. There are seven living on the old homestead. Three are married at this time. The father, Alexander, was quite a prominent man in his day, being Justice of the Peace, and for many years was a member of the school board. He was one of the originators of the agricultural society at Urbana, and from its organization until his death was one of its Directors. He was a member of the National Guards, and a devout member of the Methodist Episcopal Church for many years, being one of the most prominent officials. He reared his children in the faith of his fathers, and the example set by him has done much to give them that straightforward business character for which the Hedges family are noted. At the time of his death, he owned 185 acres of land.±
Alexander Robinson Hedges, the fifth child of Jonas Hedges and Elizabeth Robinson, was born Dec. 31, 1822 (as per ~g; ~champaign/d0005 and /d0033 say 1820, while ~hedges/aqwg05 and /aqwg11 say Dec. 31, 1821). On May 8, 1845 Alexander was married to Ellen Morris (born Oct. 7, 1825 in Champaign County) by H. R. Price, MG. Curiously, neither the SFA nor other sources have anything to say about Ellen's family, though one of Ellen's granddaughters would be given the middle name "Morris."
Alexander and Ellen had nine children, all born in Champaign County OH. Their rosters in ~champaign/d0033 and ~hedges/aqwg11 differ slightly, with the list below collating the two with additional info from ~g and ~hedges/descendancy:
* Elizabeth Ann "Lizzie" Hedges: born
Mar. 3, 1846; was the official head of the Urbana OH household in the 1880 census; died
aged 52 on Sep. 2, 1898; buried at Urbana's Oak Dale Cemetery (Section 61—Lot 1)
* Pearl Ingalls "P.I." Hedges: (a son) born June 1848;
moved to Piqua, Miami County OH no later than 1870, when he boarded with Richard Brandiff's household; worked as a druggist; on Dec. 11, 1873 married
Sarah Louise Fee aka
Louise Sarah ("Lula or "Lou")
Fee (1853-1933: daughter of the Rev. William Ingram Fee [Sr.] and
Sarah A. [surname?], whose son William I. Jr. married Emory Hedges's daughter
Nellie); had one child, who died before 1880; Pearl died aged 78 of
chronic myocarditis on Nov. 27, 1926 in Piqua; buried there at Forest Hill Union
Cemetery
"Lordy!" said ALLS
in 1984, "I had completely forgotten [Pearl]. Never saw him—only pictures.
He and his wife Louise (usually called Lou) lived in Piqua and I'm almost
positive he was a dentist [sic] there. [A] watch I have had engraved on the
back: 'Mrs. L.F. Hedges, Piqua, Ohio 1923"—[it] is a gold Elgin and naturally
doesn't run anymore—ha!"
* Edward O. Hedges: born
Sep. 1850;
on May 21, 1878 married
Mary Carrie Dunlap
aka Carrie M. Dunlap (born 1856 in Pennsylvania: daughter of William Dunlap and Elizabeth
Skiles); was living in Urbana OH next door to his sisters in 1880; in 1900,
appears to have been a farm laborer
(marital status single) living with Alice Slifer's household in
Chilhowee Township, Johnson County MO; relocated to Los
Angeles no later than 1904; in 1910 boarded with John F. McDaniel's family in
Belvedere Township, Los Angeles County CA (marital status widower); on Oct.
1, 1915 married Sarah K. Myers (born c.1859: daughter of W. M. Banner
and Kate Whitlock) in Los Angeles CA; died there aged 71 on Oct. 3,
1921
* Rebecca Caroline "Callie" Hedges: born Mar. 26, 1853; married Daniel
Mordecai Evans (1849-1920: son of William Strode Evans and Eliza
Roberts) on Feb. 5/7, 1878 and had eight children†††; lived
in Urbana Township with Daniel's parents in 1880; then after three of their first
four children died in infancy, the Evanses and their surviving daughter moved to
Shawnee County KS, where by Mar. 1885 they shared a house with Callie's
sister Debbie and her husband H. G. Smith; the
Evanses then moved to LaSalle County, Illinois by 1889; in 1910 lived in
Streator IL, where Daniel was a mail carrier; by 1920 they had moved to Clarion
Township, Wright County IA, where Daniel has no occupation and Callie had become
a letter carrier; she died in Ottawa, LaSalle County IL aged 74 on Dec. 28, 1927
* Jonas Franklin "Frank" Hedges:
born Aug. 28, 1855 in Champaign County OH; lived with his siblings in Urbana as late as 1904, but
became an inmate of the Columbus State Hospital (aka the Central Ohio
Psychiatric Hospital) on Dec. 18, 1905;
died there aged 55 of organic heart disease on Nov. 11, 1910; buried a day later
at Oak Dale (Section
61—Lot 1)
* Mary Augusta "Mollie" or "Mamie" Hedges: born Feb. 9, 1858
in Champaign County OH; of whom see more
below; died aged 76 on May 24, 1934 and was buried at
Oak Dale (Section 61—Lot 1)
* Deborah Ellen "Debbie" Hedges: born Oct. 27, 1860
in Champaign County OH; of whom see more in
Chapter S-4
* Martha Alice
(went by "Alice") Hedges:
born June 23, 1863 in Champaign County OH; of whom see more below and in
Chapter S-5
* Frederick M. "Fred" Hedges: born Aug. 23,
1866 in Champaign County OH; was single and living with his siblings in 1900; worked as an insurance
agent; died aged 34 on Jan. 12, 1901; buried at Oak Dale (Section 61—Lot 1);
~g quotes a St. Paris OH
newspaper extract from Jan. 17, 1901—"Fred M. Hedges, a prominent young man of
Urbana, died last Saturday. The funeral was one of the largest ever to be
held in Urbana"
These nine sisters and brothers would be survived by only five children.
1860 census of Urbana Township, Champaign County OH:
Alexander R. Hedges (age 37) occupation farmer, $7,400
in real estate, $1,650 in personal estate, Ohio born [as were his wife and
children]
Elen [sic] (age 34)
Elizabeth A. (age 14) attending school
Edward O. (age 9) attending school
Rebecca C. (age 7) attending school
Pearl I. (age 12) attending school
Jonas F. (age 5)
Mary A. (age 2)
1870 census of Urbana Township, Champaign County OH:
Hedges, Alexander (age 47) occupation farmer, $14,000
in real estate, $3,000 in personal estate, Ohio born [as were his wife and
children]
Ellen (age 44) occupation keeping house
Elizabeth (age 24) occupation at home
Edward O. (age 19) occupation farm laborer
Rebecca (age 17) occupation at home
Jonas (age 14) occupation at school
Mary (age 12) occupation at school
Deborah (age 9) occupation at school
Martha (age 6) occupation at school
Frederick (age 3) occupation at home
Cove, Jacob (age 27) occupation farm laborer
Ellen Morris Hedges died Feb. 21, 1873 (her gravestone inscription saying "Aged 47y, 4m, 1d"); Alexander Robinson Hedges followed on Dec. 29, 1873. ~g cites an Urbana newspaper extract from Jan. 1, 1874: "Died 23rd Dec [sic], Alexander Hedges, a highly esteemed citizen of Pretty Prairie, aged 54 years." (Pretty Prairie Pike was a few miles southeast of Urbana.)
1880 census of Urbana Township, Champaign County OH—two households:
Hedges, Lizzie (age 34) occupation keeping house
Frank (age 25) occupation farm laborer
Mary (age 21) "no occupation"
Debbie (age 19) "no occupation"
Allice [sic] (age 16) occupation at home
Fred M. (age 13) occupation at home (suffering from hip disease)
Hedges, Edward O. (age 29) occupation farmer
Mary C. (age 23) occupation keeping house
White, Frank (age 17) boarder: farm laborer
1900 census of 436 South Main Street, Urbana OH:
Hedges, Mollie (age 42) occupation clerk
Frank J. (age 44) occupation day laborer
Alice M. (age 36) occupation blank
Fred M. (age 33) occupation insurance agent
Smith, Mellie (age 15) occupation at school
● The Aunties
Deborah Hedges's story continues in
Chapter S-4; here let us say that after she
died in 1887, her daughter
Mellie Morris Smith was raised by Debbie's
sisters.
Mary Augusta Hedges ("Aunt Mamie") and Martha Alice Hedges ("Aunt Alice") shared the old family home at 436 South Main Street in Urbana OH. A few houses away at 422 South Main lived their good friends (and eventual family connections) the Dixon family; of whom more in Chapter B-6. In the photo to the right (taken in Urbana on June 22, 1915) Aunts Mamie and Alice are standing behind Mellie and her brother Francis See Smith.
ALLS on the Aunties: "[Mamie] worked in the Hitt & Fuller Department [Store] (selling material for making clothing) for many years! She was a fabulous cook—the two sisters entertained often in the lovely old home—Mamie preparing and serving the food—Aunt Alice, the perfect hostess... A delightful place to visit—I was fortunate to be a guest many times while in [college] because of being friends with Mellie." Whose niece and namesake, F.S.'s oldest daughter Mellie Nash, would add: "Alice was always such a lady—they had a lovely old home, and entertained so beautifully. The black lady [servant] did most of the cooking, Mary served and kept an eye on the kitchen, Alice was the gracious hostess."
1910 census of 436 South Main Street, Urbana OH:
Hedges, Mary A. (age 52) "color or race" white,
occupation "Sales Lady," general dry good store
Alice M. (age 46) white, occupation housekeeper, family
Washington, Ruth (age 49) black, occupation servant,
private family
Interestingly, both Mary Hedges and Ruth Washington are listed as head of this family. Though Ruth is shown to be an Ohio native, of Ohio-born parents, she may be the same Ruth Washington who in Urbana's 1870 census was a 12-year-old living in an all-Virginia-born, all-"mulatto" household. Among her housemates was 50-year-old Harold Washington (her father?) and an adult couple, James and Violet Bowser. This group, including 22-year-old "Ruthie," was still together in 1880; but the 1900 census found a 40-year-old Ruth Washington (born Jan. 1860 in Virginia) at the Champaign County Almshouse. (No mention of how this compared to antebellum slavery in the Old Dominion.)
Ruth can't be located after 1910; but starting in 1913, there was a brand new head-of-household at 436 South Main. "Alice and Mamie [were] two perfect 'maiden ladies,'" ALLS would say, "so Alice's marriage to Ed Earsom really surprised everyone!!"
● The Earsoms and Saxbes (Saxbys)
On
Feb. 22, 1913 Alice Hedges was married to widower Edward Mason Earsom by
W. J. Dunham, Pastor of Grace Methodist Episocal Church.
Ed had been born Apr. 27, 1857 in Champaign County's Union Township, the youngest of five
children of Robert R. Earsom (1810-1889) and Deborah McLain
(1818-1867). Around 1880 Ed married Florence Vance "Flora" Stone
(1859-1910); they lived in Champaign County's Salem Township and had two children:
* Harry Stone Earsom: born Sep. 16, 1883; married Ruth Eacott Thackery (born 1892) on June 10, 1910; worked as a furniture salesman and insurance agent; died Feb. 5, 1940 in Champaign County OH; buried at Urbana's Oak Dale Cemetery
* Mary M. Earsom: born June 19, 1899 (of whom more below)
ALLS "never could understand why at fifty Aunt Alice married—he was so entirely different from her—a farmer—gruff voice—'rough around the edges.'" Mellie Nash would say "Ed Earsom half scared me. [When] he always said a table blessing—[I] never did understand what it was he said." Ed and his young teen daughter Mary moved in with the Hedges sisters, but Mary "never fit in too well," ALLS remarked; it was "a relief to all when she married and moved to Detroit." (In the photo at right, taken at 436 S. Main in 1921, F.S. Smith and Mary Earsom sit in front of Aunts Alice Earsom and Mamie Hedges; F.S.'s three-year-old daughter, the future Mellie Nash, is at right with her namesake aunt.)
A stenographer at the Howard Paper Co. in 1918, Mary Earsom married Howard Martin Saxbe on Oct. 25, 1920. Howard was born Sep. 9, 1896, the son of Martin Bowen Saxbe (1855-1920) and Mary Lysle Staub (1868-1942). Martin had an older brother, William B. Saxbe (1839-1934) who lived in Mechanicsburg east of Urbana; William and his wife Elizabeth (surname? born Jan. 1845) had a son, Bart Rockwell Saxbe (1882-1954) who in 1912 married Faye Henry Carey (1896-1972). Their son William Bart Saxbe (born 1916 in Mechanicsburg) would serve as a U.S. Senator 1969-74, Attorney General 1974-75 and Ambassador to India 1975-77. He died in 2010 and was buried at Mechanicsburg's Maple Grove Cemetery.
As ALLS recalled, "there was a squabble of some kind in the Saxbe (Saxby) family at one time!—a part separated from the rest and changed the spelling of the last name." It would appear that Mary Earsom's husband was the one who did the changing; while Mary appears as "Mrs. H.M. Saxbe" in an address book kept by F.S. Smith starting in 1923, all subsequent records show her and Howard as Saxby. They lived in Detroit, where Howard sold real estate in 1930 and managed a grocery in 1940; he died aged 71 in July 1968. Son Richard M. "Dick" Saxby was born Feb 14, 1927; he died aged 80 on Sep. 3, 2007.
On one
occasion before her death aged 85 on Nov. 4, 1984, Mary Earsom Saxby phoned ALLS's son-in-law
George Ehrlich while he
was attending a Detroit convention of the Society of Architectural Historians.
At the time of Mary's call, George was meeting with two ladies—neither of them his
wife—in his motel suite. According to ALLS, if George's caller had known this, "Mary would've broadcast it all over Michigan!!"
Notes
± History of Champaign County, Ohio (Chicago: W.R. Beers & Co., 1881), p. 653-654; viewable at ~history/champaign.
†
Joseph
Hedges
The seven children of Joseph Hedges and Leah Vance (all born in
Champaign County OH) were:
Rebecca Jane Hedges
(born Aug. 6, 1840; living with parents in 1860;
reportedly had an unnamed daughter in Union Township in 1867; then was in the
Champaign County OH Infirmary for two months in 1872 after having twins Charles Hedges
and Minnie Hedges [who were in the Infirmary for three months]; in
1880 lived with David and Emma "Powel" in Salem Township, Champaign County
OH [marital status single, occupation "works in house"], and in 1900
[marital status single, blank entries for children] with her uncle Samuel
Hedges in Urbana OH at 402 S. Main; in 1910 ["age 61," both parents born in
Virginia] was a servant with the Lon Hupp family in Urbana, who lived one
house down from Rebecca's sister Sarah and the Stokeses; in 1920 may have
been an inmate of the Champaign County OH Infirmary ["age 75," marital
status widow]; died aged 91 of arteriosclerosis and mitral stenosis on Feb.
27, 1932 and was buried at Urbana's Oak Dale Cemetery)
Jonas Hedges aka
John Hedges (born c.1843; living with parents
in 1860; no other info)
Elizabeth [Q.?] Hedges
(born c.1845; living with parents in 1860; on Aug. 4, 1872 married James
T. Harper, as per ~hedges/descendancy)
Sarah Vance Hedges (born
Oct. 12, 1848 or 1850); living with parents in 1860; on Oct. 15, 1868 married William N.
Stokes [1842-1921] and had eight children, six of whom survived; lived
in Urbana from no later than 1880; had birthdate "May 1853" in the 1900
census]; was the informant on sister Rebecca's death certificate; died aged
86 or 88 on Sep. 5, 1937; buried at Oak Dale)
Ephraim Vance Hedges (born
Jan. 1853; living with parents in 1860; then with uncle Emory Hedges in 1870 ["age 17"] and 1880 ["age
25"]; worked as a farmer; moved to Stillwater County MT no later than 1920,
whose census shows his birthplace as Iowa; by 1920 married Anna Belle
Bumstead [born 1869 or 1871 in Chippewa Falls WI; died 1942] and had a
daughter; Ephraim died aged
c.82 on June 18, 1935; buried at Mountain View Cemetery in Columbus,
Stillwater County MT—with "Born Urbana, Ohio" on his marker, viewable at
~g)
James Samuel Hedges aka
Samuel J[onas] Hedges (born
July 3, 1855; living with parents in 1860, and with sister Sarah and the
Stokeses in 1880; in 1895 married Mary J. Ludwick [1872 or 1874, died 1940] and had
five children, four of whom survived; moved to Montana as early as 1896,
when eldest child was born there; back in Urbana in 1900; lived in
Yellowstone County MT in 1910; worked as a city commissioner for Columbus,
Stillwater County MT in 1920, then as a "laborer, common" in 1930; died aged
c.90 in 1945; buried at Mountain View Cemetery in Columbus, Stillwater
County MT; some details from ~jamessamuelhedges)
Dorsey Hedges (born
c.Mar.1860
[as per the 1860 census]; no other info)
‡
Elizabeth Hedges
The children of Elizabeth
Hedges were:
by Nelson Miller:
Robert Nelson Miller (born June 1838 in
Champaign County OH; was living with his grandparents Jonas and Elizabeth in
1860, with $10,000 in real estate of his own (inherited from his late
father?); on Dec. 10, 1861 married Lydia E. Furrow (1843-1929); no children; was working
in 1870
as an auctioneer, and in 1881 as Deputy Sheriff of Champaign County OH;
died there aged 76 on July 17, 1914; buried at Urbana's Oak Dale Cemetery)
by Joseph C. Hamilton:
Virginia H. Hamilton (born Nov. 6, 1841 in
Champaign County OH; on Jan. 1, 1863 married
David William Todd [1835-1923]; had two children; died aged 27 on Jan. 21, 1869 in Champaign County
OH; buried at Oak Dale); Elizabeth J. Hamilton
(Oct. 7—Dec. 6, 1844; buried at Oak Dale); Rebecca Ellen Hamilton (born
June 28, 1847; died aged 1 on Jul. 17, 1848; buried at Oak Dale);
and Edwin Hamilton (June 8—July 22,
1849; buried at Oak Dale)
§
Hamilton Jefferson Hedges
The eight children of Hamilton Jefferson Hedges
and Ruth Ellen Garard aka Gerard/Gearard/Garrard (all born in
Champaign County OH) were:
Emily Janet Hedges (born Mar. 4, 1849;
on Jul. 19, 1871 married
Thomas D. Fuller [1844-1912]; had five children; died aged 83 of cardiac
dilatation on Jul. 20,
1942 in Shaker Heights, Cuyahoga County OH; buried at Urbana's Oak Dale Cemetery)
Jonas A. Hedges
(born Mar. 12, 1851; on Jan. 22, 1879 married Carrie Belle Lofland aka Carrie Laughlin of Columbus OH
[1853-1915] in 1879; had one child; worked as an accountant; died aged 68 of apoplexy on
Jul. 20, 1919 in Columbus; buried there at Green Lawn Cemetery)
James J./G. Hedges
(born Jul./Aug. 1855; was living with parents in 1881; died aged 71 on Dec. 12, 1926 in
Columbus OH; buried at Oak Dale)
Nancy Elizabeth Hedges aka
Nannie E. Hedges (born Apr. 13, 1859; living with
parents in 1881; died aged 49 of mitral regurgitation on Feb. 23, 1909 in Columbus OH;
"Mannie Elizabeth Hedges" on her death certificate; buried at Oak
Dale)
John Seaman Hedges
(born Jun./Jul. 1863; died aged 3 of croup on Nov. 22, 1866; buried at Mumper
Cemetery)
Minnie Grant Hedges
(born 1864/68, died of cholera infantum on Sep. 8, 1868; originally buried at
Mumper Cemetery, then reinterred at Oak Dale in 1914)
George Robert Hedges
(born Sep. 28, 1870; was living with
parents in 1881, then in Columbus OH from no later than 1900; worked as an
attorney; c.1905, married Alma S. [surname?: 1882-1974] and had two children; died aged c.85 in
1955; buried at Oak Dale)
[child] Hedges
(the third to die in infancy, according to ~history/champaign)
††
Newton Hedges
The eight children of Newton Hedges and Eliza Mary Todd (all born in
Champaign County OH) were:
Elvira Jane "Ella" Hedges
(born Mar. 3, 1850; on Mar. 29, 1871 married Harrison Lafayette Lindsey [1847-1933]; had
seven
children; died aged 77 on Nov. 23, 1927 in Flora, Clay County IL)
Jonas Wilson Hedges
(born Oct. 26, 1851; died aged 25 on June 5, 1877 in Champaign County; buried at Urbana's
Oak Dale
Cemetery)
Sarah Rosabelle Hedges
(born July 2, 1853; died aged 72 on Mar. 8, 1926 of pulmonary tuberculosis in
Springfield OH; buried at Oak Dale)
Elizabeth Virginia "Jenny" Hedges
(born May 1, 1855; on Jul. 16, 1882 married Samuel Shellabarger
[1853-1923] and had three children; divorcing Samuel, Jenny then married
Joseph Steinberger [1845-1920] on Mar. 7, 1898 and had a fourth child; died
aged 75 on Aug. 4, 1930 in Clark County OH)
Mary Todd
Hedges (born Nov. 8, 1856; on Apr. 24, 1878 married William Arthur Robison
[1852-1902]; had
five children; died aged 73 of a cerebral hemorrhage and liver cirrhosis on Mar.
21, 1930 in Springfield OH; buried at Oak Dale)
Rebecca Eveline Hedges
(born July 1 or 11, 1859; on Feb. 28, 1882 married Don A. Hinman
[1854-1927] and had five children; died aged 64
on June 13, 1924 in Springfield OH)
David Oscar Hedges
(born May 6, 1862; on Feb. 26, 1890 married Effie Jane Michael [1863-1947]; had four children; died
aged 82 on Oct. 20, 1944 in Chattanooga TN; buried at Oak Dale; does not appear
in ~champaign/d0005)
James Addison Hedges
(born Dec. 30, 1865; on Oct. 22,
1895 married Ella Marjory Mackintosh [1871-1962] in White Sulphur
Springs, Meagher County MT; had three children; died aged 71 on Jul/ 7, 1937 in
New Hope, Bucks County PA)
Anna Frances Hedges (born
1868; died aged 5 on Apr. 5, 1873; appears in the 1870 census and ~newtonhedges,
but not ~hedges/aqwg11 or ~champaign/d0005)
‡‡
James Robinson Hedges
The two children of James
Robinson Hedges and Mary Lavina Hamilton were:
Welden Hedges
(born Apr. 4, 1859 in Champaign County OH; died in infancy)
Mertland McLain Hedges
aka Charles Maitland Hedges
(born Jan. 9, 1860 in St. Paris, Champaign County OH; on Oct. 15, 1885 married Laura
B. Seitz (1863-1893) in Springfield OH and had two
children; then married Emeline Saxon Roberts (1868/70-1956/57) in 1895 in Springfield OH; was called "one of the wealthiest men in Hamilton County,
Tennessee"; lived in Chattanooga TN from no later than 1910; died there
aged 69 on Aug. 7, 1929
Clarence Hedges
(born Jul 9, 1862 in Champaign County OH, and died a day later)
[~hedges/aqwg11 lists two sons; ~champaign/d0005
shows only one,
"Charles Mertland McLain Hedges," but offers no info other than an 1859
birthyear; ~history/champaign says "They have only one son living—Merklin
McLain, who
resides in Springfield"; ~mertlandhedges provided details about
Mertland and his wives]
§§
Emory Hedges
The nine children of Emory Hedges
and Nancy J. Gainer/Gaines/Ganier/Gainor were:
Jonas Henry "Harry"/"Jumbo" Hedges
(born Nov. 13, 1858; in 1881 "has been engaged in teaching, but as yet has chosen no
profession"±; moved to Sheldon,
O'Brien County IA no later than 1900; married Anna C. Schleyer on
Dec. 18, 1895; had one child; worked as a salesman; died aged c.78 in 1936 and was buried at
Sheldon IA's East Lawn Cemetery)
Rebecca Ellen
"Nellie" Hedges (born Jan. 22, 1860 in Clark County OH; on Oct.
31, 1894 married druggist William I. Fee
Jr. [born c.1860: in 1880 he lived with his older sister Louisa Fee
Hedges and her husband, fellow druggist Pearl I.
Hedges]; had five children, three of whom survived to live with her and
grandfather Emory in 1900, including Robert A. Fee (1898-1979: one of
Mellie Morris Smith's pallbearers in 1950); Nellie lived with sister Anna in Urbana in 1930; died
aged 87 of arteriosclerotic heart disease on Dec. 30, 1947; buried at Oak
Dale)
Wilbur Robinson Hedges
aka Robert W. Hedges
(born Apr. 26, 1862 in Champaign County OH; "Robert W." in the 1880 census;
lived with sister Anna in Urbana in 1930, working as a plow salesman; died
aged 77 of chronic myocarditis on Feb. 8, 1940; buried at Oak Dale)
Marland Cookman Hedges
aka Marley C. Hedges (born Oct. 31, 1866 or 1868 in
Champaign County OH; lived with father and younger sisters in Urbana in
1900; died aged 47/49 of pericarditis and pneumonia on Jan. 18, 1916; buried at
Oak Dale)
Mary Elizabeth Hedges
(born Nov. 10, 1870 in Champaign County OH; lived with sister Anna in Urbana in
1930; died aged 90 on Dec. 17, 1960;
buried at Oak Dale)
James Gaines Hedges
(Feb. 16—Sep. 12, 1873; buried at Oak Dale)
Anna Louise "Annie" Hedges
(born Oct. 20, 1878 in Champaign County OH; was head-of-household in the 1930
Urbana census; died aged 88 on July 21, 1967;
buried at Oak Dale)
†††
Rebecca Caroline Hedges Evans
The eight children of
Rebecca Caroline "Callie" Hedges
and Daniel Mordecai Evans were:
George Pearl Evans
(born Jan. 4, 1879 in Champaign County OH; died there Mar. 7, 1879; buried
in New Moorefield Cemetery, Clark County OH, but was removed to Oak Dale in
1924
Eliza Eleanor Evans
(born Mar. 1, 1880 in Urbana OH; died there Jun. 28, 1880; buried in New
Moorefield Cemetery, Clark County OH, but was removed to Oak Dale in 1924
Emma Alice Evans
(born Aug. 29, 1881 in Urbana OH; moved with parents to Shawnee County KS by
Mar. 1885; in 1910 was living with parents in Streator IL and working as a
milliner; married John Willis Boles c.1917 and had two children; died
aged 87 in Dec. 1968 in Louisville KY)
William Strode Evans [II]
(born May 12, 1884 in Urbana OH; died there Oct. 25, 1884; not found in
~g)
Cora May Evans
(born Nov. 6, 1885 in Kansas; married Frank Godfrey Lehr
[1880/81-1962] in Illinois c.1905 and had two children; died aged c.75 in
1960 in Bel Air, Hartford County MD, as per
~g)
Mary Elizabeth "Mamie" Evans
(born Mar. 25, 1889 in LaSalle County IL; in 1910 was living with parents in
Streator IL and working as a milliner; married William Ryan
[1878-1942] before 1919 and had two children; died aged 64 on June 20, 1953
in Dayton, LaSalle County IL
Verna Bell/Belle Evans
(born Jul. 16, 1891 in LaSalle County IL; in 1910 was living with parents in
Streator IL; married first William Edward Jackson [1885-1919] in 1912
and had two children; then married Frederick C. Ritzius in 1923 and
had a third child; in 1920 was living with her children and parents in
Clarion Township, Wright County IA; died aged 89 in Jan. 1981
Edna Grace Evans
(born Mar. 20, 1894 in LaSalle County IL; died as an infant)
● While southeastern Ohio shares the rugged
Appalachian Plateau with West Virginia, southwestern Ohio is lowland
plains—exemplified in the name of Champaign County.
● ~history/champaign supplies biographies for both Emory and
Hamilton Hedges. These indicate their father Jonas was born in 1789 and
married Elizabeth Robinson in 1811. Emory is said to have married Nancy J.
"Gainer" rather than Ganier/Gaines, and Hamilton's wife is called "Ruth E. Gearard"
rather than Gerard/Garard.
● Hamilton Hedges's 1881 biography called him "the eldest son of Jonas
Hedges"—meaning eldest surviving.
● From the 1880s through the 1920s, Pearl and Lou Hedges made frequent
appearances in the society pages of Piqua OH's newspapers—the Daily Call,
Daily Leader, and Leader-Dispatch; as well as the Miami Helmet.
● According to ~rebeccajanehedges:
"Birth Records from Champaign County Probate Court Compiled by Pat Stickley born
9/10/1867 in Union Twp to Rebecca Hedges, a daughter"; followed by "Champ
Co, Infirmary Rebecca Hedges admitted May 1872 female age 28 born US Pregnant,
Admitted from Union Twp discharge 7/14/1872 Charles Hedges born 5/20/1872
admitted at time of mother, discharged 8/27/1872 Minnie Hedges admitted same
time as mother born 5/20/1872 discharged 8/27/1872."
●
Alexander R. Hedges owned "a set (6) of Alphabet Plates which were used as a
method of teaching children their A.B.C.'s plus Benjamin Franklin's Proverbs.
[These were] brought to Ohio when [the Hedges] moved [from Virginia]."
Eventually the set was inherited by Deborah's daughter Mellie
Morris Smith, who in turn gave them to her half-brother F.S. and wife Ada Louise.
● The Rev. William Ingram Fee, father of Pearl Hedges's wife Louisa and
Nellie Hedges's husband William I. Jr., was the author of Garnered Sheaves
from Harvest Fields in Ohio, Kentucky, and West Virginia (Cincinnati: Curts
& Jennings and New York: Eaton & Mains, 1900); viewable at Google Books.
The Mar. 28, 1900 Ithaca Daily News paid tribute: "Rev. William I. Fee,
who died recently in Cincinnati, was one of the most famous of the old-time
Methodist preachers of Ohio"—but called his book "Gleanings" rather than
Garnered Sheaves.
● His wife Sarah A. Fee came to a memorable end,
as described by the Feb. 9, 1897 New York Times:
DROPPED DEAD IN THE PULPIT. Wife of a Revivalist Dies While Exhorting a Congregation. Springfield, Ohio, Feb. 8.—Mrs. William I. Fee, the aged wife of the Methodist evangelist, the Rev. William I. Fee, a well-known former Springfield pastor, dropped dead last evening while exhorting the congregation in the Methodist church at Felicity, Ohio. She was assisting her husband in his revival work, as had been her custom for years. Women screamed and men wept at the sight of the white-haired evangelist who lay dead in the pulpit before them. The couple celebrated their golden wedding a few weeks ago at Piqua.
The Western Christian Advocate for Feb. 10, 1897 (also viewable at Google Books) went into detail:
Under the most tragic circumstances, Mrs. William I. Fee, wife of the Rev. William I. Fee, D.D., of the Cincinnati Conference, died at Felicity, Ohio, at 7:30 P.M. Sunday 7th February. In accordance with her custom, she had accompanied her husband on his evangelistic tour, and was associated with him in special services in the Methodist church at Felicity. She had entered the pulpit, the services had commenced, the first prayer had been offered, and Sister Fee arose to address the congregation. Stepping out before the audience, she raised her arms—her face grew white; but before the death-stroke fell, she exclaimed, "I hope I may never meet again any whom I see before me in this church. It is my prayer that our next meeting-place may be in heaven!" The words in themselves were sufficiently startling to awe an audience, but to them was given a meaning forever terrible, forever memorable—a meeting that Felicity shall never forget. For, at the ending of the strange wise, her body swayed to and fro in sudden weakness, and fell to the floor. There was, of course, intense excitement. Women screamed. Men wept. Children were overcome by the startling scene. Dr. Fee was witness of the fateful scene—saw the form of his dear one fall. For more than fifty years he and she had known the grace of life together. Only a few weeks since their golden wedding was celebrated at Piqua. Prostrated by grief, he was led from the church; the death-stricken form of his wife borne to the home of his sister, Mrs. Callie Moore. Felicity is profoundly moved. A reporter says: "It is believed by many to be a visitation and a sign, and the entire village is wild with excitement. From the church penitent sinners went forth, murmuring prayers and singing psalms." Those who knew and loved Mrs. Fee—the heroic crusader—could have desired for her no more fitting death. Loyal to conscience and sense of duty, she overcame timidity, and entered the pulpit that she might preach the gospel. From the pulpit she ascended to Paradise.
The story made the front page of the Feb. 10, 1897 Xenia Daily Gazette and
Torchlight.
Sarah Fee was buried at Piqua's Forest Hill Union Cemetery; the Reverend
joined her there in 1900, followed by daughter Louise in 1933. The June
23, 1937 Piqua Daily Call mentioned that Alice Earsom and Mellie Smith
had each inherited over $3000 from Lou's estate; this legacy would doubtless
have been shared with Mamie Hedges, had she not died in 1934.
● The SFA lists the Hedges address as "346" South Union, but one captioned
photo and F.S. Smith's address book do show "436": a number confirmed
by city directories and federal censuses.
● Frank Hedges's death certificate has large "unknowns" entered for
birthdate, father's name, mother's maiden name, and parents's birthplaces;
Frank's is simply "U.S."
● Aunt Alice is named "Alice Martha" in the SFA, but "Martha Alice"
on her marriage certificate.
● Hitt & Fuller was "the oldest and leading dry goods house of Urbana,"
according to 1902's ~champaign/P350, stocking "a line of dry goods,
notions, cloaks and carpets. Throughout the years of its existence, the
management of the store has ever been along lines of conservatism, strict
integrity and honesty."
● In 1932 Alice Earsom wrote a note "to my prospective nephew" (who turned
out to be Mila Jean Smith): "Dear Child—be
good to your Mama while your Papa is away—and we are all planning great things
for your entertainment when you arrive—this is a beautiful world if you don't
see it through blue glasses. Your devoted Aunt Alice.""
● Martin Bowen Saxbe was Sheriff of Champaign County 1888-1892, then
Deputy Sheriff till c.1896, when "Governor Bushnell conferred upon him the
position of captain of the day guard of the Ohio state penitentiary"—a post he
held till c.1900. (As per pp. 681-84 of A Centennial Biographical
History of Champaign County Ohio, The Lewis Publishing Co., 1902: viewable
at Google Books. Other details on the Saxbe/Saxby family were taken from
~dowling and ~howardsaxbe.)
● Ed Earsom died on Sep. 2, 1945 and
Aunt Alice on July 23, 1949; both were buried at Oak Dale, though in separate
sections. Their story and Mellie Smith's continue in
Chapter S-5.
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